Tumor-associated macrophages and crown-like structures in adipose tissue in breast cancer.

Abstract

We aimed to evaluate macrophage infiltration and to identify the status of crown-like structures (CLSs) in mammary adipose tissue of human breast tissue in cases with and without breast cancer. Breast adipose tissue was obtained from reduction mammoplasty (N=56, Group 1), non-neoplastic breast tissue of breast cancer patients (N=84, Group 2), and breast cancer with adipose stroma (N=140, Group 3). Immunohistochemical staining of CD68 and CD163 was performed, and the infiltrating macrophages and CLSs within breast adipose tissue were evaluated. Group 3 had the largest number of CD68-positive (CD68+) and CD163-positive (CD163+) macrophages and CLSs within adipose tissue (P<0.001). Among Group 3, cases with high levels of CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages commonly had a higher histologic grade (P=0.016 and P=0.045), and cases with CD163+ CLSs were correlated with old age (P=0.042), estrogen receptor negativity (P=0.013), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positivity (P=0.043), and non-luminal A type (P=0.039). Upon univariate analysis, high levels of CD163+ macrophages were associated with shorter disease-free survival in node-negative breast cancer patients (P=0.033), and CD68+ CLSs were associated with shorter overall survival in node-positive breast cancer patients (P=0.015). CD68+ and/or CD163+ tumor-associated macrophage infiltration as well as CLSs are present in adipose tissue nearby the breast cancer lesion, and are associated with various clinicopathologic parameters of breast cancer.