Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome in Patients with TB-HIV Coinfection in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Diana Safraa Selimin,Norfazilah Ahmad,Rohani Ismail,Aniza Ismail,Nurul Farhana Mohd Azman,Amaleena Azman,Maoshui Wang

doi:10.1155/2021/9923378

Diana Safraa Selimin, Norfazilah Ahmad + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9923378

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Abstract

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious health threat to people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This study aimed to identify the characteristics, unsuccessful TB treatment rate, and determinants of unsuccessful TB treatment outcome among patients with TB-HIV coinfection in Kuala Lumpur. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. The data of all patients with TB-HIV in the federal territory of Kuala Lumpur from 2013 to 2017 were collected and reviewed. The data were retrieved from the national database (TB Information System) at the Kuala Lumpur Health Department from 1 March 2018 to 31 May 2018. Results Out of 235 randomly selected patients with TB-HIV, TB treatment outcome was successful in 57.9% (cured and completed treatment) and unsuccessful in 42.1% (died, failed, or lost to follow-up). Patients who did not receive DOTS (directly observed treatment, short course) (adjusted odds ratio: 21.71; 95% confidence interval: 5.36–87.94) and those who received shorter treatment duration of <6 months (aOR: 34.54; 95% CI: 5.97–199.93) had higher odds for unsuccessful TB treatment outcome. Conclusions Nearly half of the patients with TB-HIV had unsuccessful TB treatment outcome. Therefore, it is important to ensure that such patients receive DOTS and continuous TB treatment of >6 months. It is crucial to strengthen and widen the coverage of DOTS, especially among high-risk groups, in healthcare settings. Strict follow-up by healthcare providers is needed for patients with TB-HIV to gain treatment adherence and for better rates of successful TB treatment.

Highlights

It is undeniable that tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection poses a major public health threat worldwide [1, 2]
Despite the Southeast Asian Region (SEAR) experiencing 34% decreased TB incidence among people living with HIV (PLHIV) within an 11-year period until 2013, high TB-HIV disease burden was still observed in Indonesia, Myanmar, ailand, India, and Nepal [6]
Patients with TB-HIV were included via simple random sampling from the patient name list, and Tuberculosis Information System (TBIS) served as the sampling frame

Summary

Introduction

It is undeniable that tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection poses a major public health threat worldwide [1, 2]. It has been estimated that more than one-third of people living with HIV (PLHIV) are infected with TB [2, 3]. Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious health threat to people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Is study aimed to identify the characteristics, unsuccessful TB treatment rate, and determinants of unsuccessful TB treatment outcome among patients with TB-HIV coinfection in Kuala Lumpur. Out of 235 randomly selected patients with TB-HIV, TB treatment outcome was successful in 57.9% (cured and completed treatment) and unsuccessful in 42.1% (died, failed, or lost to follow-up). Patients who did not receive DOTS (directly observed treatment, short course) (adjusted odds ratio: 21.71; 95% confidence interval: 5.36–87.94) and those who received shorter treatment duration of

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Discussion

Conclusion