Abstract
To analyze evidence of the occurrence of tuberculosis in people living on the streets provided by the literature. Systematic review conducted in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, and SciELO electronic library. Analysis of the empirical material was guided by Hermeneutics. The main themes which give shape to the association between tuberculosis and street population were sought to be understood. Initially, 343 articles were identified, but only seven met the eligibility criteria. The literature shows that homeless people with tuberculosis presented unfavorable treatment outcomes when compared to the population with fixed residence. Some of the associated reasons were abusive consumption of alcohol and other drugs and associated diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus and others. Despite the importance of this theme, analysis of the scientific production has provided evidence of the need for studies aimed not only at comprehending the occurrence of disease in this vulnerable group, but specially ways of fighting it.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) is a worldwide public health problem which is severe in Brazil
The magnitude of this disease as of 2018 is shown by indexes such as an incidence rate of 34.8/100,000 inhabitants, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) tests conducted in 75.5% of new cases, and TB/ HIV co-infection of 8.8%
The evidence found in the articles selected to comprise this study show relevant health data, which reinforces the need for a political commitment so that care practices are incorporated into people living on the streets (PLS) both through state and civil society efforts with the objective of fighting the singularities deriving from the dynamics of life of this vulnerable group(22)
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) is a worldwide public health problem which is severe in Brazil. Launched in 2017, the National Plan for Ending Tuberculosis as a Public Health Problem (Plano Nacional pelo Fim da Tuberculose como Problema de Saúde Pública) reinforces the political commitment and is based on strategies of access to prevention, diagnosis, and disease treatment. This enables planning actions to improve epidemiological indicators, with the goals of reducing, until 2035, the incidence rate of TB to less than 10 cases/100,000 inhabitants and the mortality rate to less than one death/100,000 inhabitants. The Plan is based on three pillars (Prevention and integrated care centered on people with TB, Dynamic policies and support system, and Intensification of research and innovation), considering the analysis of socioeconomic and health status in the different scenarios(2)
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