Abstract
The objective: analysis of tuberculosis situation among the pediatric population of Russia. Subjects: the data from Federal Statistics Forms no. 8, 30, 33, 47, and 61 were studied. The number of those died is presented as per the data of Rosstat. Research methods: epidemiological and statistical analysis, expert assessment, and content analysis of publications and regulations. Results. In 2005-2019, tuberculosis rates among children and adolescents of 0-17 years old decreased: incidence – from 21.5 to 9.0 per 100,000 children (2.4 times), prevalence – from 28.3 to 10.6 per 100,000 children (2.7 times), mortality – from 0.22 to 0.03 per 100,000 children (7.3 times). The incidence of tuberculosis in children of 0-14 years old decreased from 16.4 to 7.7 per 100,000 children (2.1 times), children of 15-17 years old – from 37.6 to 16.5 per 100,000 children (2.3 times). Boys suffer from tuberculosis less often than girls. The decrease in tuberculosis incidence in children is directly related to the overall improvement of tuberculosis situation in the country including the reduction of exposure to tuberculosis by 2.2 times. In the structure of tuberculosis incidence, the proportion of lung damage increases, while the proportion of other localizations in respiratory organs and extrapulmonary lesions decreases. From 2005 to 2019 among children of 0-14 years old, the proportion of lung damage increased from 18.0 to 32.1%, and among children 15-17 years old – from 80.8 to 89.1%. From 2005 to 2019, among children and adolescents aged 0-17 years notified with tuberculosis at the end of the year, the proportion of those HIV infected increased up to 3.4%, while the absolute number of children decreased down to 108. The proportion of children with MDR TB among those with a positive result of sputum test increases (2005 – 10.0%; 2019 – 45.8%). From 2005 to 2019, the rate of those died of tuberculosis decreased among children of 0-14 years old from 0.17 to 0.02 per 100,000 children (8.5 times), at the age of 15-17 years – from 0.22 to 0.07 per 100,000 children (3.1 times). The number of children aged 0-14 years, registered with post-vaccination complications decreased by 6.2 times (2005 – 947 children, 2019 – 153 children).
Highlights
Федеральный центр мониторинга противодействия распространению туберкулеза в Российской Федерации ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения» МЗ РФ, Москва, РФ
Boys suffer from tuberculosis less often than girls
The decrease in tuberculosis incidence in children is directly related to the overall improvement of tuberculosis situation in the country including the reduction of exposure to tuberculosis by 2.2 times
Summary
Федеральный центр мониторинга противодействия распространению туберкулеза в Российской Федерации ФГБУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт организации и информатизации здравоохранения» МЗ РФ, Москва, РФ. Показатели по туберкулезу среди детей и подростков 0-17 лет уменьшились: заболеваемость – с 21,5 до 9,0 на 100 000 детей (в 2,4 раза), распространенность – с 28,3 до 10,6 на 100 000 детей (в 2,7 раза), смертность – с 0,22 до 0,03 на 100 000 детей (в 7,3 раза). Снижение заболеваемости туберкулезом детей напрямую связано с общим улучшением ситуации по туберкулезу в стране, в том числе сокращением числа туберкулезных очагов в 2,2 раза. Среди детей 0-14 лет с 2005 по 2019 г. Доля поражения легких выросла с 18,0 до 32,1%, а среди детей 15-17 лет – с 80,8 до 89,1%. Среди состоящих на учете на окончание года детей и подростков в возрасте 0-17 лет с туберкулезом доля инфицированных ВИЧ выросла до 3,4% при одновременном сокращении абсолютного числа детей до 108.
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