Abstract
A new species of truffle, T. aztecorum, is described from central Mexico. Tuber aztecorum can be distinguished from other related Tuber species synoptically by a combination of morphological features including ascospore size, pellis cells with irregular thickness, cystidia, ascoma colour and associated host (Abies religiosa an endemic Abies species from central Mexico); sequence variation on the ITS rDNA also distinguishes T. aztecorum from related species. A phylogenetic analysis of the ITS rDNA demonstrates that T. aztecorum belongs to the Maculatum clade and is unique from other similar small, white-cream coloured Tuber species distributed in north-eastern Mexico such as T. castilloi and T. guevarai.
Highlights
Tuber is one of the most important edible truffle genera in the world due to its economic importance and ecological role in forest ecosystems
As previous studies have shown, the Maculatum clade was distinct from the Puberulum and Latisporum clades in maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference analyses (Fig. 1)
Tuber aztecorum is a sister species to T. castilloi, but T. castilloi differs by having larger spores, 27–63 × 20–40 μm, is without an irregular thickness to the cell wall on peridial hyphae and is associated mainly with Quercus spp
Summary
Tuber is one of the most important edible truffle genera in the world due to its economic importance and ecological role in forest ecosystems. The related Latisporum clade was described from Asia, where the species are endemic (Fan et al 2016).Tuber species in these three clades are often pale in colour and typically small in size (Trappe et al 2009, Bonito et al 2010a, 2013, Guevara et al 2013b, Payen et al 2014). Many Tuber species belonging to these clades have been formally named recently. Tuber guzmanii and T. separans are found in Mexico and belong to the Puberulum clade (Guevara et al 2015). Other Tuber species belonging to the Maculatum clade are known from north-eastern and central Mexico including Tuber castilloi, T. gardneri, T. guevarai, T. maculatum, T. mexiusanum and T. miquihuanense (Cázares et al 1992, Guevara et al 2008, 2013a,b, 2015). New findings on asexual anamorphic states have been discovered for some North American Tuber species, the role of these structures is still unknown (Urban et al 2004, Ouanphanivanh et al 2008, Healy et al 2013)
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