Abstract
Large subduction zone earthquakes often cause tsunamis, but observational data for hazard analysis is limited. Synthetic catalogs of seismically-generated tsunami scenarios can be created by pairing earthquake and wave simulations. Tsunami Squares is one such wave simulator, explicitly tracking water mass and momentum, allowing simulation of dry land and the inundation process. We demonstrate a C++ port of Tsunami Squares paired with the Virtual Quake simulator by replicating the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. Comparisons of coastal run-up and wave heights with observations finds good agreement, with future improvements coming from tsunami source time dependence.
Highlights
Tsunamis present unique threats as natural disasters, because they are often accompanied by damage from the earthquakes or landslides that caused them
While Virtual Quake is not used to generate synthetic earthquakes in this study, the inferred subduction slab slip from the 2011 event is fed into Virtual Quake to recreate seafloor displacements, which are used as initial conditions for a Tsunami Squares wave simulation
After 800 seconds, the wave front was close to making landfall, so the simulation was transitioned to the smaller region shown in Figure 8 at twice the linear resolution, chosen to include the Sendai basin and region of first landfall
Summary
Tsunamis present unique threats as natural disasters, because they are often accompanied by damage from the earthquakes or landslides that caused them. Precomputed catalogs of synthetic tsunamigenic earthquakes and their resulting tsunamis, their inundation risks, and their observable warning signs can be used to identify hazards in time to issue warnings to threatened communities. Towards this goal, we introduce a simulator pipeline for tsunamigenic earthquakes and the coastal inundations they produce. While Virtual Quake is not used to generate synthetic earthquakes in this study, the inferred subduction slab slip from the 2011 event is fed into Virtual Quake to recreate seafloor displacements, which are used as initial conditions for a Tsunami Squares wave simulation. We compare the Virtual Quake/Tsunami Squares results to waveforms produced using an established simulator, the Regional Ocean Modeling System (https://www.myroms.org)
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