Abstract
An index of submarine volcanic explosivity concerning tsunami generation has been proposed on the basis of the relationship between phreatomagmatic explosion and resultant initial waveform of tsunamis. In the generation process of tsunamis due to phreatomagmatic explosion, the seawater touches magma of high temperature, after which the water evaporates in an instant with explosive increase of volume. We assume the value of this index specifically to simulate tsunamis caused by submarine volcanic eruption in Kagoshima Bay, where submarine explosion has been observed. Furthermore, tsunamis due to subsidence of a caldera near a volcanic mountain in the same bay are numerically simulated using an initial tsunami profile assumed without discussion about the emission process of magma out of a chamber through submarine volcanic eruption.
Highlights
Submarine explosive eruption causes a blowout of volcanic products and phreatomagmatic explosion, resulting in generation of tsunamis (Taniguchi, 1996)
In the process of submarine phreatomagmatic explosion, the seawater touches magma of high temperature in the neighborhood of seabed, after which the water evaporates in an instant with explosive increase of its volume
We assume the value of this index to perform numerical simulation of tsunamis caused by submarine volcanic eruption in Kagoshima Bay, where submarine explosion has been observed (Tsuji, 1997)
Summary
Submarine explosive eruption causes a blowout of volcanic products and phreatomagmatic explosion, resulting in generation of tsunamis (Taniguchi, 1996). The mechanism of tsunami generation caused by submarine volcanic eruption is examined considering phreatomagmatic explosion. A new index of submarine volcanic explosivity concerning tsunami generation is proposed on the basis of the relationship between submarine phreatomagmatic explosion and resultant initial waveform of tsunamis. We assume the value of this index to perform numerical simulation of tsunamis caused by submarine volcanic eruption in Kagoshima Bay, where submarine explosion has been observed (Tsuji, 1997). We simulate tsunamis due to subsidence of a caldera near a volcanic mountain in the same bay using an initial tsunami profile assumed without discussion about the unclear emission process of magma for the present
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