Tsunami deposits from major explosive eruptions: An example from the 1883 eruption of Krakatau

Abstract

Research Article| April 01, 2001 Tsunami deposits from major explosive eruptions: An example from the 1883 eruption of Krakatau Steven Carey; Steven Carey 1Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar David Morelli; David Morelli 1Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Haraldur Sigurdsson; Haraldur Sigurdsson 1Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Sutikno Bronto Sutikno Bronto 2Volcanological Survey of Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Geology (2001) 29 (4): 347–350. https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0347:TDFMEE>2.0.CO;2 Article history received: 05 Jul 2000 rev-recd: 22 Dec 2000 accepted: 02 Jan 2001 first online: 02 Jun 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Steven Carey, David Morelli, Haraldur Sigurdsson, Sutikno Bronto; Tsunami deposits from major explosive eruptions: An example from the 1883 eruption of Krakatau. Geology 2001;; 29 (4): 347–350. doi: https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0347:TDFMEE>2.0.CO;2 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyGeology Search Advanced Search Abstract Inundation of coastal areas by tsunamis during the 1883 eruption of Krakatau volcano led to the deposition of unusual pumice- enriched deposits. Fractal analysis of pumice shapes and lithologic characterization of the deposits suggest that the source of the abundant pumiceous material was widespread pumice rafts on the surface of the Sunda Straits that formed by fallout and pyroclastic flow activity. The rafts contained pumices rounded by particle-to- particle abrasion and were strongly depleted in dense components, such as lithics and crystals, by differential settling. Stranding of the floating pumice is inferred to have occurred during the receding phase of tsunamis after they had inundated low-lying coastal areas. Other pumice-bearing tsunami deposits contain significant amounts of coral fragments and nonvolcanic beach sediment. These units represent redeposition of beach and shallow-water sediments that were mixed with varying proportions of primary pyroclastic material. The Krakatau example illustrates the great diversity of lithofacies that may occur in deposits formed from volcanogenic tsunamis. Recognition of such deposits in coastal areas near centers of active explosive volcanism may provide an additional criterion with which to assess volcanic hazards. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.