Abstract
OBJECTIVECollection of triatomines in domestic, peridomestic and sylvatic environments in states of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul, Northeastern and Southern Brazil respectively, and isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi strains.METHODSFirst, the captured triatomines were identified using insect identification keys, then their intestinal content was examined by abdominal compression, and the samples containing trypanosomatid forms were inoculated in LIT medium and Swiss mice.RESULTSSix triatomine species were collected in cities in Bahia, namely Panstrongylus geniculatus (01), Triatoma melanocephala (11), T. lenti (94), T. pseudomaculata (02), T. sherlocki (26) and T. sordida (460), and two in cities in Rio Grande do Sul, namely T. circummaculata (11) and T. rubrovaria (115). Out of the specimens examined, T. cruzi was isolated from 28 triatomine divided into four different species: T. melanocephala (one), T. lenti (one), T. rubrovaria (16) and T. sordida (10). Their index of natural infection by T. cruzi was 6.4%.CONCLUSIONSThe isolation of T. cruzi strains from triatomines found in domestic and peridomestic areas shows the potential risk of transmission of Chagas disease in the studied cities. The maintenance of those T. cruzi strains in laboratory is intended to promote studies that facilitate the understanding of the parasite-vector-host relationship.
Highlights
Chagas disease is estimated to affect around 10 million people worldwide and 25 million people in Latin America are at risk of infection.[7]
In relation to the epidemiology of Chagas disease in Brazil, in 1996 the Chagas Disease Control Program, of the National Foundation for Health/Brazilian Ministry of Health (FNS/MS), collected 290,576 triatomines, of which 201,156 (69.2%) were captured in the Northeast region, where more attention and care are required in view of the presence of sylvatic species that are potentially invasive and difficult to control.[8]
Almeida et al[1] (2009) reported the presence of Triatoma rubrovaria naturally infected by T. cruzi in domestic and peridomestic areas of Rio Grande do Sul, where Rosa et al[18] (2000) collected both T. rubrovaria and Triatoma circummaculata naturally infected by the parasite
Summary
In 1975, the Superintendency for Public Health Campaigns (SUCAM) implemented the Chagas Disease Control Program in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. This program was responsible for methodological standardization, supply regulation and rationalization of the activities that provided a basis for vector control.[4] Almeida et al[1] (2009) reported the presence of Triatoma rubrovaria naturally infected by T. cruzi in domestic and peridomestic areas of Rio Grande do Sul, where Rosa et al[18] (2000) collected both T. rubrovaria and Triatoma circummaculata naturally infected by the parasite. Pena et al[16] (2011) isolated T. cruzi strains that came from patients, reservoirs and vectors during an outbreak of acute Chagas disease in the city of Navegantes, state of
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