Trust and Affinity Based Clustering for Deterministic Multicast Routing Using Honey Badger Algorithm

Abstract

Wireless Ad hoc networks (WANETs) and mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are forms of wireless networks with no central controller. In contrast to traditional networks based on routers and access points, ad hoc networks do not rely on pre-existing infrastructure. Recently, multicast routing protocols in MANETs have effectively managed group communications. The multicast routing protocol can greatly increase the reliability of the MANET network. This protocol aims to minimize the energy consumption (EC) and network lifetime of the MANET to address these issues. This paper presents a novel Affinity based Clustering for Deterministic Multicast Routing (ACD-MR). The overall process is carried out in three stages: cluster head selection (CHs), trust management, and routing. In the initial phase, the cluster head (CH) is selected and utilizes affinity propagation based on node degree, distance, energy, and lifetime. In the second phase, the data are encrypted using the enhanced AES algorithm, and the trust value of each node is calculated employing direct and indirect trust. In the third phase, the Honey Badger algorithm is employed to select an optimal route. The proposed ACD-MR model’s performance is calculated utilizing various parameters, including the network lifetime, average end-to-end delay, EC, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and detection ratio. The proposed model increased the network lifetime by 17.24%, 19.45%, and 22.34% better than MLLR, CS-MAODV, and DQN, respectively.