True phosphorus digestibility of cottonseed meal and rice husk supplemented with microbial phytase in broiler chickens

I.I Ilaboya,E.A Iyayi

doi:10.4314/sajas.v51i1.12

Abstract

This research aimed to determine effects of phytase in cottonseed meal (CM) and rice husk (RH) based diets on true phosphorus digestibility (TPD) by broiler chickens. Two studies were conducted with 576 one-day-old broiler chickens using regression analysis to determine the TPD in these diets and the response to phytase supplementation. Six semi-purified diets were formulated to contain 150 g, 300 g, and 450 g each of CM/kg (experiment 1) and RH/kg (experiment 2) with phytase supplied at 0 and 1000 units/kg. Titanium dioxide was added to the diets at the rate of 5 g/kg as an indigestible maker. A total of 288 broiler chickens in each study were weighed and allotted to the six diets with six replicates of eight birds in a randomized complete block design. The birds were fed the experimental diets until day 26 post hatch. The coefficients of true phosphorus retention (TPR) were 0.8 for CM and 0.78 for RH without phytase; 0.93 for CM and 0.92 for RH with phytase. True phosphorus digestibility was 0.82 for CM and 0.75 for RH without phytase; and 0.95 for CM and 0.92 for RH with phytase. Phytase supplementation resulted in 13.27 and 17.94 % increases in TPD; and 12.29 and 13.61 % increases in TPR by birds fed the CM and RH diets, respectively. Phytase supplementation of CM and RH based diets increased TPD and improved total TPR and true ileal phosphorus digestibility in broiler chickens.

Highlights

Plant-derived ingredients in poultry feed such as cottonseed meal (CM) and rice husk (RH) have limited available phosphorus owing to the phytate-phosphorus complex
This results in low true ileal phosphorus digestibility (TIPD) and high endogenous phosphorus loss (EPL) with negative environmental consequences
When CM was the base of the diet, the interaction of its inclusion level with the level of phytase supplementation were significant for ileal output of P (P =0.002), excreted P (P =0.009), APD (P =0.034), but not for Apparent P retention (APR) (P = 0.093) (Table 6)

Summary

Introduction

Plant-derived ingredients in poultry feed such as cottonseed meal (CM) and rice husk (RH) have limited available phosphorus owing to the phytate-phosphorus complex. This results in low true ileal phosphorus digestibility (TIPD) and high endogenous phosphorus loss (EPL) with negative environmental consequences. Information on TIPD and EPL in broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with phytase is scanty. The effects of phytase supplementation in CM- and RHbased diets on TIPD in broiler chickens were investigated. Dietary supplementation of phosphorus with exogenous phytase is effective in improving phosphorus digestion in poultry diets (Fan et al, 2001).

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