Truck platoon analysis for autonomous trucks

Abstract

Selection of optimum platoon pattern based on types of trucks inside the platoon, the number of trucks in the platoon, headway distance, interplatoon distance as well as the use of different lateral wander modes for autonomous trucks has been analyzed. The objective of this research is to study the impacts of axle configurations, truck grouping, headway distance and lateral wander options on the performance of truck platoons. Four different headway distances from 2 to 5 m are compared. The first platoon PT-1 only consists of semi trailers, the second platoon PT-2 only consists of rigid body trucks and the third platoon PT-3 consists of equally distributed random traffic mix. Analysis has been conducted using the dload subroutine for projecting zero wander and uniform wander movements for each truck in the platoon on a three layered pavement crossection at vehicle speeds of 90 km/h for a total of 15 years of pavement lifetime consisting of 1.4 million equivalent single axle loads in finite element software ABAQUS. Results show that PT-3 platoon yields the minimum accumulation of damaging strains when compared against other platoon types. A headway distance of 5 m is suggested when using a zero wander mode and 3 m when using a uniform wander mode. In case of zero wander mode, fatigue life of the pavement decreases by 1.2 years and the use of uniform wander mode delays the rutting by 1.6 years, thereby increasing lifetime of the pavement.