TRUCK EQUIPMENT DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS AND FEATURES OF ITS USE IN THE CONDITIONS OF AUTOMATION OF PORT TERMINALS

Abstract

The modern trends in the development of cargo equipment in ports are considered in the article. Modern ports are an important link in global supply chains, and the efficiency of their work directly affects the cost of goods and related services provided during cargo transshipment, storage, and passage through port terminals. Cargo equipment used at various stages of cargo transshipment plays an important role in optimizing port operations.Using universal equipment significantly increases the productivity of the port, reduces the downtime of ships and other types of transport, and allows efficient use of warehouse space and available personnel. The main problem that ports face when choosing equipment is its cost and payback period, which directly affect the efficiency of the port and its competitiveness.Throughout historical development, ports have had both a negative and a positive impact on the regions and communities in which they are located. On the one hand, they contribute to the development of the region, its transport and logistics infrastructure, can stimulate economic productivity and growth, and on the other hand, their activity requires energy, creates negative external effects, worsens the ecological situation in the region.The issue of the development of cargo equipment and the efficiency of its use is relevant and requires further research in connection with the emergence of new trends related to the automation and robotization of these processes, the introduction of elements of artificial intelligence, which significantly increase the problem of ensuring cyber security of the port.Automation of the port industry contributes to the transformation of traditional ports into smart global transport complexes. The effectiveness of their activities is determined primarily by the use of advanced technologies and practices, and the results affect not only the cost of port services, but also the reduction of costs and the improvement of the quality of the entire transport and delivery chain.Like any innovative process, automation has its advantages and disadvantages, which were noted in the work. There are also significant barriers to automation, especially for the modernization of existing ports.Environmental standards and innovative cargo delivery technologies, increasing requirements for the quality of transshipment services and the need to reduce costs in order to maintain competitiveness will force traditional ports to switch to automation of transshipment equipment in order to increase its efficiency.