TRPC and TRPM channels: New possible targets for cancer

Abstract

Cancer is the second most common reason for death in the world. The cancer research over four decades has been reached to the prospective on dysregulation of ions like (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na +, K+, or Cl - ) recently. These ions are orchestrated through numerous proteins, ion channels, selectively or non-selectively. However, the dysregulation of these ions and their channel expression are being reported for various diseases but here we have reviewed precisely TRP channels (TRPC and TRPM) for their role in cancer. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels were first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster in 1989 and since then the superfamily becomes a group of 30 members under six subsections. Interestingly, we found that the TRPC (Canonical) channels, with 6 members, were explored in nine different types of cancers in last two decades. Additionally, we included the TRPM (Melastatin) subfamily and reviewed their role in cancer. Conclusively, these studies support that TRP channel-based therapies must be taken forward for clinical studies. Some channels, such as TRPC6, TRPM7 and TRPM8 were explored extensively in many cancer types which may be a potential target for cancer treatment. However, TRPM8 in lung cancer was reported for reverse association with cell proliferation, which needs to be reverified in lung cancer and other cancers. Besides, some TRPC channels are associated with store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) such as TRPC1, TRPC4 and TRPC6. Interestingly, the TRPC6 role was reported in breast cancer for modulation of Ca2+ through translocation of Orai1 and Orai3.