Trophic structure of the fouling community in Odessa Bay (Black Sea)

A Y Varigin

doi:10.15421/011635

Abstract

The trophic structure of the coastal fouling community of Odessa Bay (Black Sea), which was composed of 10 species of macrophytes, 57 invertebrate species and 4 species of fish, was determined. The basic trophic relationship between organisms composing the community is shown. A minimization of interspecific trophic competition within the community is noted. The main sources of food material entering the fouling community were determined. We show that a significant proportion of food in the form of detritus, dissolved organic matter and small planktonic organisms enters the community from the water column. Filtration and pumping activity of sestonophage-organisms, particularly mussels, helps to attract food material to the community. Primary producers of the community are macrophytes and microphytes, which develop on account of their photosynthetic activity and ensure the provision of food to herbivores. The trophic group of detritophages consumes different fractions of the detritus which accumulates in the byssus threads of bivalve molluscs. In this context, mussel druses act as sediment traps, collecting detritus. Numerous polyphages, which are essentially omnivores and do not usually lack food material, were noted in the community. A small group of carnivorous invertebrates, whose representatives actively attack small animals, was identified. The abundance of these species in the community was about 1%, and their biomass less than 0.6%. Fish living in macrophyte weeds are the consumers in the community. We determined that the highest relative abundance (over 36%) in the fouling community was reached by sestonophages and polyphages. We found that the undisputed leader in the relative biomass (over 97%) in the fouling community ofOdessaBaywas the sestonophages (mainly composed of mussels). We determined that the trophic structure index of the community was 0.94, which confirms the significant dominance in biomass of bivalves over other species in the fouling community.

Highlights

Определена трофическая структура прибрежного сообщества обрастания Одесского залива Черного моря
The trophic structure of the coastal fouling community of Odessa Bay (Black Sea), which was composed of 10 species of macrophytes, 57 invertebrate species and 4 species of fish, was determined
The trophic group of detritophages consumes different fractions of the detritus which accumulates in the byssus threads of bivalve molluscs

Summary

Трофическая структура сообщества обрастания Одесского залива Черного моря

Определена трофическая структура прибрежного сообщества обрастания Одесского залива Черного моря. Выявлена центральная роль вида-эдификатора Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 в пищевых взаимоотношениях между организмами, входящими в состав сообщества обрастания. A small group of carnivorous invertebrates, whose representatives actively attack small animals, was identified The abundance of these species in the community was about 1%, and their biomass less than 0.6%. Для двустворчатого моллюска мидии Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819, поселения которого на твердом субстрате обычно выступают в качестве основы сообщества, таким источником является окружающая водная среда (Aleksandrov, 2008). Мидии, являясь мощными биофильтраторами, обеспечивают транспорт пищевого материала из окружающей водной среды, создавая благоприятные трофические условия для других организмов сообщества обрастания (Frechette et al, 1989; Gutierrez et al, 2003). Цель работы состояла в определении трофической структуры прибрежного сообщества обрастания Одесского залива Черного моря, включая выявление источников поступления пищевого материала в сообщество и выяснение характера трофических связей между организмами, входящими в его состав

Материал и методы исследований

Результаты и их обсуждение

Сестонофаги Детритофаги Фитофаги Плотоядные Полифаги

Findings

Библиографические ссылки