Abstract
espanolEl rio Teuchitlan se considera un hotspot de diversidad de peces con 3 especies endemicas. Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus fue introducido en el sistema fluvial, aunque se desconoce su impacto trofico en el rio Teuchitlan. Se determino la importancia de cada articulo alimenticio con el indice de importancia relativa, el comportamiento trofico usando el indice de omnivoria, la posicion trofica usando el programa TrophLab y la amplitud de nicho trofico de la especie usando el indice estandarizado de Levin. Realizamos analisis de Permanova para comparar la dieta entre clases de talla, sitios y estaciones. Analizamos 631 contenidos estomacales de P. bimaculatus. La especie consume principalmente insectos terrestres, pero con tendencia a la herbivoria en algunos sitios, se presento un comportamiento trofico generalista en la estacion humeda y especialista en la estacion seca, ocupando diferentes niveles troficos y mostrando amplitud de nicho trofico variable. Esta estrategia de alimentacion flexible permite a P. bimaculatus explotar recursos de diferentes niveles troficos. El alto consumo (%RII > 50) de insectos terrestres podria indicar que P. bimaculatus puede transportar energia aloctona al rio. Ademas, el alto potencial invasivo de la especie es un grave riesgo para los ecosistemas de agua dulce del centro de Mexico, una region que ha sido reconocida como un hotspot muy importante para la conservacion de peces de agua dulce. EnglishThe Teuchitlan River in Mexico is a hotspot of fish diversity, with 3 endemic species. Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus has been introduced into the river, but its trophic impact on the system is unknown. We determined the importance of each food item in the diet of P. bimaculatus with a relative importance index, their feeding behavior using an omnivorous index, the trophic position with the TrophLab program, and the niche breadth using the standardized Levin index. We performed Permanova analyses to compare diet between size classes, sites, and seasons. We analyzed 631 P. bimaculatus individuals. The species consumed mainly terrestrial insects, but presented an herbivorous trend in some sites. A generalist trophic behavior was presented in the wet season and a specialist behavior in the dry season occupying different trophic levels and presenting variable trophic width. This flexible feeding strategy enables P. bimaculatus to exploit resources from different trophic levels. The high consumption (%RII > 50) of terrestrial insects could indicate that P. bimaculatus may transport allochthonous energy into the river. Furthermore, the high invasive potential of the species represents a risk for the freshwater ecosystems of central Mexico, a region that has been recognized as a hotspot for freshwater fish conservation.
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