Trombosis venosa masiva abdominal con insuficiencia hepática aguda y megacolon tóxico como presentación de colitis ulcerosa

Abstract

The prevalence of systemic thromboembolic complications is higher in patients with inflammatory bowel disease than in the general population. This hypercoagulable state is due to an increased production of procoagulant substances proportionally related to the inflammatory activity of the disease, although recent reports have focused on the presence of inherited thrombophilic disorders in this entity. We present the case of a 32-year-old woman with no relevant medical history who presented with massive abdominal vein thrombosis, including suprahepatic, portal, splenic and superior mesenteric veins, and secondary acute liver failure in her first ulcerative colitis flare and who later developed toxic megacolon requiring emergency total colectomy despite steroids and cyclosporine. Anticoagulant therapy achieved complete resolution of suprahepatic thrombosis and partial resolution in the splenic and superior mesenteric veins, with final cavernous transformation of the portal vein.