Trombofilia congénita y aborto recurrente: estrategias diagnósticas y recomendaciones terapéuticas

Abstract

Pregnancy is a well recognized thrombophilic risk factor. Recurrent abortion (RA) affect up to 3% of fertile couples. A 50% of these cases are considered as idiopathic. Some of them may have one or more than one thrombophilic alterations. RA may be related to placental flow abnormalities. Up to 1% to 5% of all pregnancies may be complicated with placental flow abnormalities. Antiphospholipid syndrome, PS, PC, ATIII deficiencies, factor V, prothrombin, methylentetrahydrofolate reductase, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, fibrinogen and factor XIII polymorphisms, have been strongly related to bad obstetric outcomes, specially RA. The presence of more than one thrombophilic factor may be present in pregnant women, rising the risk of suffering RA. All pregnant patients and those who planed a future conception having a history of thrombotic events, independently of their previous obstetric outcomes, need to be studied for thrombophilia. All patients with RA specially if it appeared in the late-pregnancy, have also to be studied. Early antiaggregant and/or anticoagulant therapy, reduces the maternal-fetal risk.