Abstract
Aim of Study: The purposes of the present study are to describe
 and identify all collected Melanoleuca
 samples using morphological characters, determine phylogenetic relationships
 among species using DNA sequences of ITS and LSU regions and check the number
 of subgenera of Melanoleuca genus. 
 
 Area of Study: Samples were collected from different parts
 of Turkey and the study was conducted at the Department of Molecular Biology
 and Genetics in Van Yüzüncü Yıl University.
 
 Material and
 Methods: Twenty-two samples, representatives of fourteen species, were used.
 Structures of pileus, stipe, lamellae and basidia, cystidia, spores were used
 as macroscopic and microscopic features, respectively. The nuclear ribosomal
 internal transcribed spacer region (nrITS) and largest subunit (LSU) were
 amplified for molecular analyses.
 
 Main results: Taxonomic
 positions of some Melanoleuca species
 from Turkey were evaluated based on both morphological characters and sequences
 of two different nuclear DNA regions. nrITS region was more informative (112
 variable sites in ITS1, 1 in 5.8S and 95 in ITS2 subregions) compared to LSU
 (46 variable sites). Analyses of ITS region revealed that the genus Melanoleuca was monophyletic and divided
 into two subgenera as Melanoleuca and Urticocystis.
 
 Research
 highlights: Within studied species, Melanoleuca
 angelesiana was firstly reported for mycobiota of Turkey
 
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