Abstract
The present review summarizes the literature data regarding the application of Triticum aestivum assay as an alternative method for toxicity assessment of environmental pollutants or potential therapeutic agents. Plant bioassays present several advantages among other biological assays (simplicity, low cost, rapid test activation, a wide array of assessment endpoints). They present a good correlation with animal and human cells models, and are a reliable tool for genotoxicity assessment. Furthermore, in the context of toxicology guidelines that promote the substitution of assays using animal models with other bioassays, genotoxicity assays using higher plants models have gained in popularity. The present review focuses on three major aspects regarding Triticum aestivum assay - its utility in environmental pollution monitoring, its application in genotoxicity assessment studies, and its application in phytotoxicity evaluation of nanomaterials.
 
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 In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Highlights
The issue of exposure of living organisms to toxic compounds has been a matter of concern for a long time
Genotoxicity assays using higher plants models have gained in popularity
Plant assays are a reliable tool for toxicity and genotoxicity assessment
Summary
The issue of exposure of living organisms to toxic compounds has been a matter of concern for a long time. The observed impact depends on many factors, both species, and individual differences, and they can be short term effects, like immediate acute toxicity, or long term effects, such as genotoxicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, oncogenesis or phenotype changes (Wieczerzak et al, 2016). In this context, a constant preoccupation for developing and improving existent toxicological studies is observed. The first group aims towards the identification and quantification of environmental pollutants, using physical or chemical analyses, while the latter includes bioassays that measure the toxic impact on target organisms, without clearly identifying the compounds (Hassan et al, 2016). Some bioassays are even available as toxkits, the test organisms being supplied in their cryptobiotic forms (cysts, seeds, microorganisms in a lyophilized form) and ready to be used after incubation under appropriate environmental conditions (Wieczerzak et al, 2016)
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