Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and pathological factors that associated with sonographic appearances of triple-negative (TN) invasive breast carcinoma. With the ethical approval, 560 patients who were pathologically confirmed as invasive breast carcinoma were reviewed for ultrasound, clinical, and pathological data. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the typical sonographic features for TN invasive breast carcinomas. The effect of clinical and pathological factors on the sonographic features of TN invasive breast carcinoma was studied. There were 104 cases of TN invasive breast carcinoma. The independent sonographic features for the TN subgroup included regular shape (odds ratio, OR = 1.73, p = 0.033), no spiculated/angular margin (OR = 2.09, p = 0.01), posterior acoustic enhancement (OR = 2.09, p = 0.004), and no calcifications (OR = 2.11, p = 0.005). Higher pathological grade was significantly associated with regular tumor shape of TN breast cancer (p = 0.012). Higher Ki67 level was significantly associated with regular tumor shape (p = 0.023) and absence of angular/spiculated margin (p = 0.005). Higher human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) score was significantly associated with the presence of calcifications (p = 0.033). We conclude that four sonographic features are associated with TN invasive breast carcinoma. Heterogeneity of sonographic features was associated with the pathological grade, Ki67 proliferation level and HER2 score of TN breast cancers.
Highlights
Not all TN breast cancers present the four independent sonographic features
Variations of sonographic features are associated with the pathological grade, Ki67 proliferation level and HER2 score
Some TN breast cancers are to be misdiagnosed as benign breast masses especially for young patients
Summary
Not all TN breast cancers present the four independent sonographic features. High grade TN breast cancer had more chance to be regular in tumor shape compared with low grade TN breast cancer (p = 0.012). TN breast cancer with high Ki67 expression had more chance to be regular in tumor shape (p = 0.023) and without angular/spiculated margin (p = 0.005). The higher HER2 score was associated with higher chance of calcifications in TN breast canc
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