Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are major contributors to the malignant transformation of cells because of their capacity for self-renewal. Aldehyde dehydrogenase1A1 (ALDH1A1) and CD133 are promising candidate of CSC markers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, TP53 is frequently mutated in lung cancer, and the loss of its function is associated with malignant characteristics. However, the relationship between CSCs and mutant p53 in lung adenocarcinoma is not well-established. We examined the expression of ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 in lung adenocarcinoma patients and conducted a clinicopathological study. Triple-negative cases without ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 expression in lung adenocarcinoma were shown to have a much better prognosis than others. Our present results suggest that detection of CSC markers and mutant p53 by immunohistochemical staining may be effective in therapeutic strategies for lung adenocarcinoma.
Highlights
The recurrence rate of lung cancer is as high as 80% even in early stages that are treated with c hemotherapy[1], and almost one-quarter of all cancer-related deaths are due to lung c ancer[2]
We previously reported that lung adenocarcinoma that is negative for both CD133 and Aldehyde dehydrogenase1A1 (ALDH1A1) had a significantly better prognosis regarding both overall survival (OS) and disease-free interval (DFI)[20]
We reported that patients with stage I + II lung adenocarcinoma who were negative for CD133 had a significantly better DFI21
Summary
The recurrence rate of lung cancer is as high as 80% even in early stages that are treated with c hemotherapy[1], and almost one-quarter of all cancer-related deaths are due to lung c ancer[2]. Approximately 20% of NSCLCs are operable, but the 5-year survival rate remains low despite advances in chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy for inoperable cases (7%–20%), and the recurrence rate remains high in 30%–50%5. From these knowledges, novel therapeutic strategies are required to overcome cancer recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. CD133 antigen, known as prominin-1, is a member of the pentaspan transmembrane glycoprotein family that is located to cellular protrusions It is widely utilized as a CSC biomarker in various types of cancer, including liver, stomach, kidney, and lung cancer[16,17,18,19]. There is certainly a close correlation between CSCs and lung adenocarcinoma
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