Abstract
This paper aims to study a triple flat-type air coil inductive sensor that can identify two maturity stages of oil palm fruits, ripe and unripe, based on the resonance frequency and fruitlet capacitance changes. There are two types of triple structure that have been tested, namely Triple I and II. Triple I is a triple series coil with a fixed number of turns (n = 200) with different length, and Triple II is a coil with fixed length (l = 5 mm) and a different number of turns. The peak comparison between Triple I and II is using the coefficient of variation , which is defined as the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean to express the precision and repeatability of data. As the fruit ripens, the resonance frequency peaks from an inductance–frequency curve and shifts closer to the peak curve of the air, and the fruitlet capacitance decreases. The coefficient of the variation of the inductive oil palm fruit sensor shows that Triple I is smaller and more consistent in comparison with Triple II, for both resonance frequency and fruitlet capacitance. The development of this sensor proves the capability of an inductive element such as a coil, to be used as a sensor so as to determine the ripeness of the oil palm fresh fruit bunch sample.
Highlights
The year 2017 marked the 100 year anniversary of Malaysia’s oil palm industry, after HenriFauconnier began to commercialize the oil palm plantation at the Tennamaram Plantation, Selangor, in1917
The standard procedure to grade the oil palm procedure is commonly done through visual inspection by human graders, based on the oil palm grading manual that was published by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB)
This paper aims to develop a triple series flat-type air coil structure with a triple flat-type air coil structure with a triple resonance peak to test the effectiveness of detecting the ripeness resonance peak to test the effectiveness of detecting the ripeness of the selected oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB), based on of the selected oil palm FFB, based on the increase in the effectiveness of a dual resonance frequency, the increase in the effectiveness of a dual resonance frequency, when compared to the single coil [22], when compared to the single coil [22], but with a weekly field data analysis that was similar to the but with a weekly field data analysis that was similar to the relative water content method [23]
Summary
The year 2017 marked the 100 year anniversary of Malaysia’s oil palm industry, after HenriFauconnier began to commercialize the oil palm plantation at the Tennamaram Plantation, Selangor, in1917. Malaysia currently accounts for 39% of the world’s palm oil production and 44% of the world’s exports. Malaysia has an important role, as one of the biggest palm oil products’ producers and exporters, in fulfilling the growing sustainable global need for oils and fats [1]. One hectare of an oil palm plantation is able to harvest up to ten times more than the other oilseed crops [2]. The Elaeis guineensis is the most common species of oil palm in the oil palm plantation because of its thick mesocarp and thin endocarp, making it suitable for commercialization [3]. The oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) will undergo a crude palm milling process to extract the palm oil as well as the palm oil by-products. The ripeness of the oil palm FFB is identified primarily from the colour of the oil palm fruit
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