Triglyceride content in remnant lipoproteins is significantly increased after food intake and is associated with plasma lipoprotein lipase

Katsuyuki Nakajima,Yoshiharu Tokita,Koji Sakamaki,Younosuke Shimomura,Junji Kobayashi,Keiko Kamachi,Akira Tanaka,Kimber L Stanhope,Peter J Havel,Tao Wang,Tetsuo Machida,Masami Murakami

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2016.12.011

Abstract

BackgroundPrevious large population studies reported that non-fasting plasma triglyceride (TG) reflect a higher risk for cardiovascular disease than TG in the fasting plasma. This is suggestive of the presence of higher concentration of remnant lipoproteins (RLP) in postprandial plasma. MethodsTG and RLP-TG together with other lipids, lipoproteins and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in both fasting and postprandial plasma were determined in generally healthy volunteers and in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after consuming a fat load or a more typical moderate meal. ResultsRLP-TG/TG ratio (concentration) and RLP-TG/RLP-C ratio (particle size) were significantly increased in the postprandial plasma of both healthy controls and CAD patients compared with those in fasting plasma. LPL/RLP-TG ratio demonstrated the interaction correlation between RLP concentration and LPL activity The increased RLP-TG after fat consumption contributed to approximately 90% of the increased plasma TG, while approximately 60% after a typical meal. Plasma LPL in postprandial plasma was not significantly altered after either type of meal. ConclusionsConcentrations of RLP-TG found in the TG along with its particle size are significantly increased in postprandial plasma compared with fasting plasma. Therefore, non-fasting TG determination better reflects the presence of higher RLP concentrations in plasma.

Highlights

Zilversmit first proposed the postprandial increase of TG to be the most common form of hyperlipidemia which is associated with increased remnant lipoproteins (RLP) as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]
Higher RLP-TG content was found in the delta TG concentration, approximately 90% of which is comprised of the increased TG after the fat load and which kept increasing for 2 to 6 h in the postprandial plasma
We reported that RLP is approximately 1/3 comprised of VLDL (d b 1.006) in the fasting plasma and its ratio changes depending on the physiological conditions [31]

Summary

Introduction

Zilversmit first proposed the postprandial increase of TG to be the most common form of hyperlipidemia which is associated with increased remnant lipoproteins (RLP) as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1]. Previous large population studies reported that non-fasting plasma triglyceride (TG) reflect a higher risk for cardiovascular disease than TG in the fasting plasma. This is suggestive of the presence of higher concentration of remnant lipoproteins (RLP) in postprandial plasma. Methods: TG and RLP-TG together with other lipids, lipoproteins and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in both fasting and postprandial plasma were determined in generally healthy volunteers and in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after consuming a fat load or a more typical moderate meal. Results: RLP-TG/TG ratio (concentration) and RLP-TG/RLP-C ratio (particle size) were significantly increased in the postprandial plasma of both healthy controls and CAD patients compared with those in fasting plasma. Non-fasting TG determination better reflects the presence of higher RLP concentrations in plasma

Methods

Results

Conclusion