Trigeminal nerve injuries in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a literature review

Abstract

Objective: Trigeminal nerve injury is an uncommon complication of outpatient oral surgery and dental procedures such as removal of impacted teeth, placement of endosseous dental implants, and even injection of local anesthesia. In the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, the two most commonly injured branches of the trigeminal nerve are the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves. Fortunately, most nerve injuries will undergo spontaneous recovery, with only a small percentage of cases resulting in permanent sensory deficits.