Abstract
The application of Trichoderma fungus can be used to obtain seedlings of higher quality for plantations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Trichoderma isolates on the germination and initial growth of açaí seedlings. Two trials were set up. In the laboratory, the seeds were inoculated in suspensions prepared with each of the isolates for 24 h, and they were arranged in trays containing filter paper in a completely randomized design with five replicates containing 50 seeds each. For the control, the seeds were submerged only in water. Part of the seedlings resulting from seeds treated and not treated with Trichoderma were transferred to bags containing forest soil and were submitted to seven modes of application of Trichoderma and kept in a nursery. The speed of germination and hypocotyl were not influenced by the biological treatment. The application of the different Trichoderma isolates positively influenced the height, collar diameter, number of leaves, root size, leaf area and root, and aerial part dry mass of the açaí seedlings. The application of the Trichoderma isolate TAM01 on the preplanting substrate and biweekly applications on the postplanting substrate was the combination that most positively influenced the development of açai seedlings.
Highlights
Euterpe oleracea Mart. is a palm that can reach about 20 m in height, growing preferably in wetlands and being found near riverbanks; and it occurs in the entire northern region of Brazil and neighboring countries, such as Venezuela and Guianas [1]
One Trichoderma isolate increased the germination of açaí
Height and collar diameter were the two variables most benefited by isolates and its forms of application
Summary
Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) is a palm that can reach about 20 m in height, growing preferably in wetlands and being found near riverbanks; and it occurs in the entire northern region of Brazil and neighboring countries, such as Venezuela and Guianas [1]. In Brazil, the state of Pará is the largest producer of açaí and notably the main producer in the world, growing 27.35% in 2015 as a result of the application of new management methods and new cultivation technologies [4]. These significant changes in the traditional system of açaizais (açaí plantations) management have associated environmental risks, such as: change in landscape configuration, leading towards homogenization and extinction of other species, including species that protect floodplain border areas; and loss of productive diversity characteristic of riverine family-based farming [5]. The main form of propagation of açaí is by means of seeds, it can be done
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