TRICHOCEPHALOSIS OF SHEEP IN THE ROSTOV, VOLGOGRAD, ASTRAKHAN REGIONS OF RUSSIA

Abstract

The article is devoted to the actual problem of trichocephalosis of sheep today - a disease of domestic and wild ruminants, the causative agents of which are hematophagous helminths. Trichocephalosis of small cattle is registered in many countries of the world, including Russia. The question of the species composition of trichocephalosis pathogens continues to be debatable, since the death of sheep was noted only in some types of invasion pathogens: Trichuris ovis in Russia, T. ovis + T. skrjabini + T. globulosa – in the USA, T. ovis + T. skrabini + T. globulosa – in Romania. The insufficient knowledge of this invasion, especially in the regional aspect, prompted us to study this invasion in more detail in 3 regions of the country, which became the goal of our work.Objective: to study the infection, distribution and species composition of pathogens of trichocephalosis of sheep in the Rostov, Volgograd and Astrakhan regions of Russia. Studies were carried out at slaughter points and in the laboratory of the parasitic zoonosis of the Institute. The work was carried out in 2017-2018 using the helminthological method for studying the large intestine at an autopsy of 250 slaughter sheep under the age of 1 year and 25 sheep over 2 years old from the Rostov, Volgograd and Astrakhan regions. Trichocephalus was collected from each animal separately, counted and determined to the species, taking into account the species and age of the host. Nematodes were collected after thorough washing in a physiological solution with registration and, if necessary, conservation in a Barbagallo liquid. 250 lambs up to 1 year old and 25 sheep older than 2 years were examined at the dissection of the large intestine from three regions of the European part of Russia: Rostov, Volgograd and Astrakhan. As a result, it was found that two types of trichocephalus are the causative agents of invasion. In the Rostov region 77.2% of lambs was infected with Trichuris ovis with extensive invasion (EI), and with Trichuris skrjabini with EI = 39.6% of slaughter lambs, in the Volgograd region 55.6% of lambs was infected with EI with T. ovis and with T. skrjabini with EI = 21.6% of lamb, in the Astrakhan region 85.2% of slaughter lambs was infected with T. ovis with EI, and with T. skrjabini with EI = 36% of lambs. Sheep older than 2 years from the Rostov region were infected with T. ovis with EI = 36%, and with T. skrjabini with EI = 12%, in the Volgograd region 28% of slaughter sheep were infected with T. ovis with EI, and with T. skrjabini with EI = 16%, in the Astrakhan region 32% of sheep was infected with T. ovis with EI, and with T. skrjabini with EI = 8% of sheep.