Tribulus terrestris L. fruits: An extensive Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical Quality Assesment using UV-spectrophotometer

Abstract

The qualitative and quantitative studies were performed on Tribulus terrestris L. fruits to ascertain the quality parameters. T. terrestris L. fruits were analyzed for macroscopical, microscopical studies, physico-chemical parameters, fluorescence studies, elemental analysis, preliminary phytochemical screening, total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin, saponin and alkaloid content. For macroscopy fresh fruits were used. n- hexane and hydroalcoholic extracts were used for preliminary phytochemical screening and quantitative estimation of total phenolic content, flavonoid content, tannin content, total saponin, alkaloid content. For quantitative estimation UV- spectrophotometer was used at required wavelength. The colour of fresh fruits was green while dried was light brown. Fruits were globose in shape. Odour was slightly aromatic and taste was slightly bitter and astringent. Transverse section of fruit showed five cocci filled with fixed oil cells while powder microscopy showed numerous trichomes, lignified and nonlignified fibers, collenchyma, endosperm cells containing fixed oil, cortex cells, xylem vessels etc. Elemental analysis was performed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and showed heavy metals like mercury, arsenic, lead and cadmium etc. were within limits. Preliminary phytochemical studies revealed the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, sterols, phenolic and tannins compounds. These studies will help to establish quality standards, purity and sample identification of T. terrestris L. fruits.