Abstract
Triboluminescence (TL) is a phenomenon of light emission resulting from the mechanical force applied to a substance. Although TL has been observed for many ages, the radiation mechanism is still under investigation. One of the exemplary compounds which possesses triboluminescent properties are copper(I) thiocyanate bipyridine triphenylphosphine complex [Cu(NCS)(py)2(PPh3)], europium tetrakis dibenzoylmethide triethylammonium EuD4TEA, tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride [Ru(bpy)3]Cl2, and bis(triphenylphosphine oxide)manganese(II) bromide Mn(Ph3PO)2Br2. Due to the effortless synthesis route and distinct photo- and triboluminescent properties, these compounds may be useful model substances for the research on the triboluminescence mechanism. The advance of TL studies may lead to the development of a new group of sensors based on force-responsive (mechanical stimuli) materials. This review constitutes a comprehensive theoretical study containing available information about the coordination of metal complex synthesis methodologies with their physical, chemical, and spectroscopic properties.
Highlights
Triboluminescence (TL) may be obtained by rubbing, crushing, cracking, and grinding as a result of an external force interaction with the substance [1]
Carrying out the synthesis at room temperature leads to the solution was slowly cooled down, and half of the solvent was evaporated under the fume precipitation of the [Cu(NCS)(PPh3 )] complex [6]
The measurements of photo- and triboluminescence show no influence of dopants reported the influence of the dopants on TL yield, crystals morphology, synthesis time, on spectra
Summary
Triboluminescence (TL) may be obtained by rubbing, crushing, cracking, and grinding as a result of an external force interaction with the substance [1]. Because of the diversified properties of TL compounds and acquired divergent results, the universal triboluminescence mechanism has not been described yet. Many factors influencing the described phenomenon have been investigated, and several mechanisms of triboluminescence have been proposed, based on the obtained results. The surrounding gas is excited [1] This theory was confirmed for the first sucrose triboluminescence, which was recorded in 1922 [13]. There are compounds whose triboluminescent spectrum is identical to that of the photoluminescent one, but without any hint of gas excitation [18]. The advances in the triboluminescence phenomenon understanding will enable to design of the materials and systems exhibiting specific TL properties, which undoubtedly will pave the way for new implementation possibilities. One of the most significant advantages of this group of complex compounds is its
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