Abstract
Due to the continuously increasing requirements of the internal combustion engines, the lubricants and their additives have to be further developed. One possible solution is the application of ceramic nanoparticles as friction modifier and wear decreaser additives. This paper presents the tribological investigation of cupricoxide (CuO) nanoparticle mixed in neat Group 3 base oil. To analyse its properties, simplified ball-on-disc friction experiments were carried out in the tribological laboratory in the Széchenyi István University in Győr, Hungary. The arisen wear scars were analysed with different, highresolution microscopes to understand the working mechanism of the nanoparticles. The results have indicated an optimum concentration of nanoparticles at 0.5wt% where both the average friction coefficient and the wear scar diameter were reduced by 15%. The microscopical investigation revealed the reduction of copper material from the CuO material, and it has mended to the rubbing surface forming a protective film on the metal surface.
Highlights
The automotive industry is facing huge challenges nowadays: several international regulations are existing to reduce the emission of harmful materials from the exhaust system of passenger cars
The analysed cupricoxide nanoparticles were mixed into a neat Group 3 base oil with the kinematic viscosity of 4 cSt, which was provided by the MOL-LubKft.The homogenisation process consists of 2 steps: a 3-minutelong magnetic stirring step to homogenise the sample anda 30-minute-long ultrasonic mixing step to solve the agglomerates inside the sample.Lubricant samples with 6 different concentrations between 0.1 and 0.6 wt% were prepared for the tribological experiments
Experimental measurements with a ball-ondisc tribometer were carried out to define the frictional properties of the additive homogenised with different concentrations in neat Group 3 base oil
Summary
The automotive industry is facing huge challenges nowadays: several international regulations are existing to reduce the emission of harmful materials from the exhaust system of passenger cars. These regulations are aiming to clean the living environment of humanity. Nanoparticles in lubricants are in the focus of many researchers all around the world, because they can provide a huge number of varieties in material content and particle size. Due to this variation possibility, wide research activity is obligatory to characterise their tribological properties
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