Abstract

Biopolymers reinforced with nanoparticle (NP) additives are widely used in tribological applications. In this study, the effect of NP additives on the tribological properties of a green lubricant hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) composite was investigated. The IF-MoS2 NPs were prepared using the newly developed gas phase sulfidation method to form a multilayered, polyhedral structure. The number of layers and crystallinity of IF-MoS2 increased with sulfidation time and temperature. The dispersity of NPs in the HPMC was investigated using Raman and EDS mapping and showed great uniformity. The use of NPs with HPMC enhanced the tribological performance of the composites as expected. The analysis of the worn surface shows that the friction behavior of the HPMC composite with added NPs is very sensitive to the NP structure. The wear mechanisms vary with NP structure and depend on their lubricating behaviors.

Highlights

  • A few years ago, the concept of sustainable manufacturing was proposed for use in the manufacturing field due to environment issues

  • To meet the requirements of environmentally sustainable development of the manufacturing process, researchers have focused their attention on sustainable manufacturing [1], green tribology [2,3], and green lubricants technology such as ionic liquid bio-lubricants [4,5,6] and bio-based polymers [7]

  • Thereafter, 10% H2 S was added at 20 standard cubic centimeters per minute and Argon at 180 sccm, and the mixture was heated to the reaction temperature for 30–120 min for sulfidation. 2H-MoS2 (1–2 μm, 99%, Sigma Aldrich Chemistry, Saint Louis, MO, USA) was bought from the nano-material manufacturing company

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Summary

Introduction

A few years ago, the concept of sustainable manufacturing was proposed for use in the manufacturing field due to environment issues. Materials 2016, 9, 856 improve the tribological properties of polymer composites, many studies have shown that additives affect the formation and development of the transfer layer, either by adjusting the size of wear debris by promoting the decomposition of polymer, or through the decomposition of the filler itself to increase adhesion of the transfer layer to the counter surface [34,35,36,37,38]. The study used dry, lubricating thin films produced from eco-friendly and environmentally friendly biological polymer material [53] to investigate the influence of 2H-MoS2 microparticles (MPs), IF-MoS2 , and MoO3 nanoparticles (NPs) additives on its lubricating properties. The experiment aimed to understand how the size, shape, and structure of the additives affected the tribological performance of HPMC-based composite thin films

Materials and Methods
Results
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