Abstract
In this study, we synthesized eight water-soluble ionic liquids (ILs) and investigated their tribological performance as additives in water-diethylene glycol (WDG) base fluids. The results of the tribological test suggested that these ILs additives demonstrate promising capabilities in friction reduction and anti-wear for water lubricated contacts. The ILs with the longest carboxylic chain length, namely C10MIPA and C10DIPA in this work, displayed superior tribological performances. Observations on the abraded surfaces showed that the IL forms a monolayer adsorption through self-assembly, and upon rubbing it creates a continuous and stable tribo-film with an uneven thickness of 30–60 nm through tribo-chemical reactions. The tribo-film mainly consists of iron oxides. The proposed lubrication mechanisms include adsorbed film and formed tribo-films, which work effectively to reduce the shear stress and thus sliding friction.
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