Abstract
Scavenging energy from our day-to-day activity into useful electrical energy be the best solution to solve the energy crisis. This concept entirely reduces the usage of batteries, which have a complex issue in recycling and disposal. For electrical harvesting energy from vibration energy, there are few energy harvesters available, but the fabrication, implementation, and maintenances are quite complicated. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) having the advantage of accessible design, less fabrication cost, and high energy efficiency can replace the battery in low-power electronic devices. TENGs can operate in various working modes such as contact-separation mode, sliding mode, single-electrode mode, and free-standing mode. The design of TENGs with the respective operating modes employed in generating electric power as well as can be utilized as a portable and wearable power source. The fabrication of triboelectric layers with micro-roughness could enhance the triboelectric charge generation. The objective of this chapter is to deal with the design of triboelectric layers, creating micro structured roughness using the soft-lithographic technique, fabrication of TENGs using different working modes, energy harvesting performance analysis, powering up commercial devices (LEDs, displays, and capacitors), and portable-wearable applications.
Highlights
In the last few decades, the boom in consumer electronics rapidly creates the need for a sustainable portable and wearable power source
The advantage of this device is that it overcomes the application limitation due to the contact wire obstructing at both sides in the contact separation mode and sliding mode Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) devices
The results prove that the triboelectric layer is biocompatible and allows the cells to grow on it
Summary
In the last few decades, the boom in consumer electronics rapidly creates the need for a sustainable portable and wearable power source. The usage of fossil fuels such as coal and oil in the generation of electricity creates massive pollution, and it leads to the reduction of life span to humans To overcome this issue, an alternative energy harvesting approach had been introduced across the globe to protect humanity and overcome the growing energy crisis. There is an abundant low-frequency mechanical energy around the globe as well as from various sources such as vibration, wind, water wave, human motions, and vehicle motions. These low-frequency motions cannot be harvested effectively using an EMG.
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