Abstract
Multidisciplinary research on organic fluorescent molecules has been attracting great interest owing to their potential applications in biomedical and material sciences. In recent years, electron deficient systems have been increasingly incorporated into fluorescent materials. Triarylboranes with the empty p orbital of their boron centres are electron deficient and can be used as strong electron acceptors in conjugated organic fluorescent materials. Moreover, their applications in optoelectronic devices, energy harvesting materials and anion sensing, due to their natural Lewis acidity and remarkable solid-state fluorescence properties, have also been investigated. Furthermore, fluorescent triarylborane-based materials have been commonly utilized as emitters and electron transporters in organic light emitting diode (OLED) applications. In this review, triarylborane-based small molecules and polymers will be surveyed, covering their structure-property relationships, intramolecular charge transfer properties and solid-state fluorescence quantum yields as functional emissive materials in OLEDs. Also, the importance of the boron atom in triarylborane compounds is emphasized to address the key issues of both fluorescent emitters and their host materials for the construction of high-performance OLEDs.
Highlights
Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), which are organic luminescent materials made of small molecules and polymers, have been widely used in next-generation high quality flat-panel displays and solid-lighting applications [1]
Triarylboranes have been utilized as strong acceptors with donors forming D–A type conjugated
Triarylboranes have been utilized as strong acceptors with donors forming D–A type conjugated luminescent small molecules and polymers which have been used as emitting, hole transporting and luminescent small molecules and polymers which have been used as emitting, hole transporting and electron transporting layers to improve the performances of OLEDs
Summary
Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), which are organic luminescent materials made of small molecules and polymers, have been widely used in next-generation high quality flat-panel displays and solid-lighting applications [1]. High fluorescence quantum yields of luminous materials in the solid state, HOMO–LUMO energy levels, good electron and hole transport behaviours, film-forming properties, good thermal and oxidative stabilities, and outstanding colour purities are inevitable parameters for the construction of promising OLED devices [2]. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) is the most direct parameter to define the device efficiency of OLEDs. conventional OLEDs containing triarylborane-based materials as emitting layers have demonstrated low EQEs, their incorporation into OLEDs provided potential applications as efficient electron transporters [3,4] and electroluminescent (EL) layers [5,6,7]. EQEs, recorded for several devices containing new triarylboranes, have achieved the highest values up to 22.8% for green emission through the newly explored thermally-activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) process [8,9,10,11,12].
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