Abstract
This study aims to develop the relational equation between the color and chemical composition of discolored seawater around a submarine volcano, and to examine its relation to the volcanic activity at Nishinoshima Island, Japan, in 2020, using the model applied by atmospheric corrected reflectance 8 day composite of GCOM-C SGLI. To achieve these objectives, the relational equation between the RGB value of the discolored seawater in the submarine volcano and the chemical composition summarized in past studies was derived using the XYZ colorimetric system. Additionally, the relationship between the volcanic activity of the island in 2020 and the chemical composition was compared in chronological order using the GCOM-C SGLI data. The following findings were obtained. First, a significant correlation was observed between the seawater color (x) calculated by the XYZ colorimetric system and the chemical composition such as (Fe + Al)/Si. Second, the distribution of (Fe + Al)/Si in the island, estimated from GCOM-C SGLI data, fluctuated significantly just before the volcanic activity became active (approximately one month prior). These results suggest that the chemical composition estimation of discolored seawater using SGLI data may be a powerful tool in predicting submarine volcanic activity.
Highlights
In recent years, there have been frequent eruptions of submarine volcanoes
We first investigated the relationship between discolored seawater color and its chemical composition in general submarine volcanic waters
Each relationship is expressed through the following equations: (Fe%) = 0.302(R) − 28.7 (9)
Summary
Anak Krakatau in Indonesia [1], White Island in New Zealand [2], and Nishinoshima Island in Japan [3] are just three of the submarine volcanoes that have erupted in the past 2 years; Nishinoshima Island, has had active volcanic activity since December 2019. Such eruptions of submarine volcanoes hinder the navigation of ships and aircraft in the area, but can have other life-threatening implications. Considering that it is dangerous to conduct such surveys, remote sensing surveys have often been used instead
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