TRIAD multi‐dimensional biobank for biomarker discovery

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundThe Translational Biomarkers in Aging and Dementia (TRIAD) is a longitudinal, biomarker‐based cohort designed to study interactions between the pathophysiological processes driving to dementia. Currently, 50 million people worldwide have dementia [1]. PET and MRI imaging have been widely used to assess disease stage, though expensive and not readily accessible [2]. More recently though, breakthroughs in blood‐based biomarkers have proven a useful, available, and more cost‐effective way of evaluating amyloid and tau positivity. The TRIAD Biobank provides a unique framework to study disease stage using blood‐based biomarkers in conjunction with PET and CSF studies. Our cohort allows for validation of novel biomarkers as we simultaneously acquire gold standard second generation imaging acquisitions with full spectrum fluid biomarkers (CSF, saliva, plasma, urine). Importantly, the data acquired is integrated in a database compliant to multi‐dimensional biomarker analysis.MethodFigure 1 depicts the cohort's banked fluids by diagnostic group. Figure 2 depicts the cohort's banked fluids by sex grouping.ResultThe TRIAD Biobank stores 1,034 blood samples from 655 participants, 658 of these being follow‐up collections. Additionally, cerebrospinal fluid has been collected from 381 individuals accounting for 520 collections in the bank, 812 urine collections from 662 individuals and 591 saliva samples from 432 individuals.Additionally, the cohort has collected 761 tau PET scans using [18F]MK6240, 644 amyloid PET scans using [18F]AZD4694 and 804 MRI using 3 Tesla.ConclusionWith dementia being one of the leading, most costly causes of death, the need for early detection, more affordable, less invasive, and more readily available ways to determine disease stage is apparent [2]. The TRIAD multi‐dimensional biobank provides a wealth of resources to discover affordable biomarkers needed for early diagnosis and Alzheimer’s disease prevention.[1] Patterson, C. 2018. World Alzheimer Report 2018: The state of the art of dementia research, new frontiers. London, England: Alzheimer's Disease International[2] Gauthier S, Rosa‐Neto P, Morais JA, & Webster C. 2021. World Alzheimer Report 2021: Journey through the diagnosis of dementia. London, England: Alzheimer’s Disease International.