Abstract
BackgroundCervical cancer is an important global health problem. In this study we aimed to analyze trends in cervical cancer at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2019, to inform health service decision-making.MethodsData on cervical cancer was extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study, 2019. Trends in cervical cancer burden were assessed based on estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and age-standardized rate (ASR).ResultsGlobally, decreasing trends were observed in incidence, death, and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) of cervical cancer from 1990 to 2019, with respective EAPCs of − 0.38 (95% confidence interval [CI]: − 0.41 to − 0.34), − 0.93 (95%CI: − 0.98 to − 0.88), and − 0.95 (95 CI%: − 1.00 to − 0.90). Meanwhile, decreasing trends were detected in most sociodemographic index (SDI) areas and geographic regions, particularly death and DALYs in Central Latin America, with respective EAPCs of − 2.61 (95% CI: − 2.76 to − 2.46) and − 2.48 (95% CI: − 2.63 to − 2.32); hhowever, a pronounced increasing trend in incidence occurred in East Asia (EAPC = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.55). At the national level, decreasing trends in cervical cancer were observed in most countries/territories, particularly DALYs in the Maldives (EAPC = − 5.06; 95% CI: − 5.40 to − 4.72), Whereas increasing trends were detected in Lesotho, Zimbabwe, and Bulgaria.ConclusionsSlowly decreasing trends in cervical cancer were detected worldwide from 1990 to 2019. Cervical cancer remains a substantial health problem for women globally, requiring more effective prevention and control strategies.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide [1, 2]
Trends in the incidence of cervical cancer There were 565.54 × 103 (95% uncertainty interval [Uncertainty interval (UI)]: 481.52 × 103 to 636.43 × 103) incident cases of cervical cancer in the world in 2019, representing an increase of 68.50% since 1990
Analysis according to sociodemographic index (SDI) showed decreasing trends in all areas, those with high SDI (EAPC = − 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI): − 1.05 to − 0.85) (Table 1 and Fig. 2 b)
Summary
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide [1, 2]. It is estimated that there were 570,000 new cases and 311,000 deaths of women ( middle-aged women) from cervical cancer globally in 2018 [3, 4]. The distribution of cervical cancer differs across the world, with than 85% of deaths occurring in developing regions [5]. Over 90% of the highest incidence rates of cervical cancer occur in sub-Saharan Africa [6]. Finland launched an nationwide screening programmer for cervical cancer in 1960, which led to a. Cervical cancer is an important global health problem. In this study we aimed to analyze trends in cervical cancer at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2019, to inform health service decisionmaking
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