Abstract
To investigate trends in total fat and fatty acid intakes and chronic health conditions among Korean adults over nine years between 2007 and 2015. Cross-sectional, observational study using a stratified, multistage probability sampling design at a national level. Intakes of total fat and fatty acids were estimated from 24 h dietary recalls by sex and age groups. Trends of total fat and fatty acid intakes were determined by multiple linear regression after adjusting for covariates. Trends in age-standardized prevalence of obesity, hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriacylglycerolaemia were examined by sex. Korea.ParticipantsPopulation data of 47749 healthy adults (aged ≥19 years) derived from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2007 and 2015. Over the survey period, daily intakes of energy and total, saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, n-3 and n-6 fats (grams and percentage of energy (%E)) increased steadily. In all sex and age groups, significant increases were seen in SFA intake from 9·9 g (4·7 %E) to 12·0 g (5·3 %E) and in MUFA intake from 9·9 g (4·6 %E) to 13·3 g (5·8 %E). The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia increased from 10·7 to 17·9 % over the same period. In Korean adults, total fat, SFA and other fatty acids have been increasing along with the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia. This information can help set adequate macronutrient and fatty acid distribution ranges in developing population-specific preventive strategies against diet-related illness.
Highlights
MethodsData and participants The present study was based on data from the fourth (2007–2009), fifth (2010–2012) and sixth (2013–2015) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)
The prevalence of obesity among Korean adults increased from 31·7 % in 2007 to 33·2 % in 2015
In the present study focusing on the Korean population, we found that the energy consumption of the Korean population increased gradually along with total fat consumption and the proportion of energy from fat
Summary
Data and participants The present study was based on data from the fourth (2007–2009), fifth (2010–2012) and sixth (2013–2015) KNHANES. The KNHANES is a national survey designed to assess and monitor the health and nutritional statuses of the Korean population at the national level. It is a crosssectional and nationally representative survey that is conducted every year by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The study was conducted according to the guidelines laid out in the Declaration of Helsinki and all procedures involving human subjects were approved by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Institutional Review Board.
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