Trends in the use of tactical techniques in the preliminary investigation

Abstract

This article deals with the implementation of achievements of criminalistic tactics in investigative activities, which find their expression in the developed tactical techniques for the production of certain investigative actions. Tactical techniques have been the subject of research for a long time yet while there is still no single approach to this category. In particular, there is no uniformity in proposed definitions of this concept, criteria for its admissibility, etc. It is noted that in forensic science, a fairly large number of different grounds for classifying tactical techniques have been proposed. One of the most common grounds for dividing tactical techniques is such a feature as the applied type of special sciences that were used in their development. In the classification according to the specified criterion, special attention is paid to tactical and psychological techniques, that is, based on provisions of psychology. Taking into account the fact that a number of tactical and psychological techniques are enshrined in the current criminal procedure legislation, it becomes necessary to develop recommendations that take into account their psychological content. Only if this condition is met will the established goals of criminal proceedings be attainable. The features of the use of tactical and psychological techniques during interrogation, face-to-face confrontation, and presentation for identification are considered. Such features, among other things, are due to the need to ensure the protection of the rights and freedoms of participants in criminal proceedings. Deviations from forensic recommendations are indicated, when the available tactical and psychological techniques remain unrealized due to the applied formal approach.