Trends in the Prevalence of Tobacco Use in the United States, 1991–1992 to 2004–2005

Abstract

OBJECTIVE This study examined changes in the prevalence of daily tobacco use in the United States between 1991-1992 and 2004-2005 by sociodemographic characteristics and psychiatric disorders. METHODS Secondary analyses were performed using data from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey, conducted in 1991-1992 (N=41,612), and wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, conducted in 2004-2005 (N=34,653). RESULTS Although the overall prevalence of past-year daily tobacco use decreased significantly, the reduction was not uniform across all segments of the population. In both surveys, past-year daily tobacco use was higher among respondents with a drug use disorder, an alcohol use disorder, and major depressive disorder and among individuals from socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Declines in use were slower among individuals with a lifetime alcohol use disorder or major depressive disorder. The prevalence of past-year daily tobacco use did not decrease among Native Americans. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with substance use disorders or major depressive disorder and Native Americans reported higher rates of past-year daily tobacco use than the general population. These findings suggest the need to emphasize specific interventions for these groups.