Abstract
¶Global, diffuse, and horizontal direct (beam) irradiances have been evaluated for 13 stations in Germany where the time series vary between 11 and 48 years. Global irradiance has decreased significantly at two stations and increased at four stations. The mean trend in global is an increase of 1.94 Wm−2 or 1.83% per decade. Diffuse irradiance has decreased at five stations, with a mean reduction of 2.44 Wm−2 or 3.46% per decade, while horizontal direct irradiance has increased an average of 4.86 Wm−2 or 10.40% per decade at five stations. Increases in global and direct are most common at stations in the southwest region of Germany, decreases in global were observed in the southeast, and there was an absence of spatial homogeneity in the diffuse trends. Spatial variability in irradiance over Germany is higher in the direct component compared to variability in global and diffuse.
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