Trends in prevalence of multi drug resistant tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Baba Maiyaki Musa,Najibah A Galadanci,Chisom N Odoh,Muktar H Aliyu,Bashir Zubayr,Aishatu L Adamu,W.C Yam

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0185105

Abstract

BackgroundMultidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), is an emerging public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study aims to determine the trends in prevalence of MDR-TB among new TB cases in sub-Saharan Africa over two decades.MethodsWe searched electronic data bases and accessed all prevalence studies of MDR-TB within SSA between 2007 and 2017. We determined pooled prevalence estimates using random effects models and determined trends using meta-regression.ResultsResults: We identified 915 studies satisfying inclusion criteria. Cumulatively, studies reported on MDR-TB culture of 34,652 persons. The pooled prevalence of MDR-TB in new cases was 2.1% (95% CI; 1.7–2.5%). There was a non-significant decline in prevalence by 0.12% per year.ConclusionWe found a low prevalence estimate of MDR-TB, and a slight temporal decline over the study period. There is a need for continuous MDR-TB surveillance among patients with TB.

Highlights

This study aims to determine the trends in prevalence of Multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among new TB cases in sub-Saharan Africa over two decades
We found a low prevalence estimate of MDR-TB, and a slight temporal decline over the study period
There is a need for continuous MDR-TB surveillance among patients with TB

Summary

Introduction

Multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global public health challenge, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where it adds to the burden of other communicable and noncommunicable diseases bedeviling the region. Lukoye in The Netherlands, [7] found a pooled MDR-TB prevalence estimate of 1.5% (95% CI 1.0–2.3), while Berhan in Ethiopia, reported a five-fold increased risk of MDR-TB among previously treated tuberculosis (TB) cases compared to new cases.[8] Available literature on prevalence of MDR-TB in SSA depicts remarkable within and between country differences.[7, 8]. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), is an emerging public health problem in subSaharan Africa (SSA). This study aims to determine the trends in prevalence of MDR-TB among new TB cases in sub-Saharan Africa over two decades

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