Abstract
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is of growing concern in cystic fibrosis (CF). UK CF Registry data were analyzed from 2016 to 2018. Prevalence of infection stabilized in the pediatric age-group during this period but remained substantially higher than in 2010. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were associated with NTM infection.
Highlights
Respiratory infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has become a growing concern in children and young people with cystic fibrosis (CF) [1]
We previously identified increasing prevalence of NTM infection in the United Kingdom (UK) pediatric CF population between 2010 and 2015, highlighting the urgent need to increase our understanding in this area [5]
CF-related diabetes and higher body mass index were significantly associated with higher odds of NTM infection though these factors became insignificant at the multivariate level
Summary
Respiratory infection with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has become a growing concern in children and young people with cystic fibrosis (CF) [1]. Mycobacterium abscessus, in particular, has been associated with an increased decline in lung function and is a contraindication to lung transplantation in many centers [2,3]. Treatment regimens for M. abscessus are complex, prolonged and associated with significant adverse effects. Epidemiological studies of NTM in children with CF are limited and risk factors for infection are poorly understood. Over the last 5 years there has been welcome publication of guidelines for the management of NTM-pulmonary disease [1,4]. Treatment strategies in children remain disappointingly based on extrapolated adult data, and there is an urgent need for high quality studies to inform more evidence-based pediatric practice
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