Abstract
The study of patterns and evolutionary processes in neotropical fish is not always an easy task due the wide distribution of major fish groups in large and extensive river basins. Thus, it is not always possible to detect or correlate possible effects of chromosome rearrangements in the evolution of biodiversity. In the Astyanax genus, chromosome data obtained since the 1970s have shown evidence of cryptic species, karyotypic plasticity, supernumerary chromosomes, triploidies, and minor chromosomal rearrangements. In the present work, we map and discuss the main chromosomal events compatible with the molecular evolution of the genus Astyanax (Characiformes, Characidae) using mitochondrial DNA sequence data, in the search for major chromosome evolutionary trends within this taxon.
Highlights
The role of chromosomal rearrangements in the evolution of organisms has been a matter of debate for many years
It is known that populations currently assigned to A. scabripinnis and to the other nominal species are characterized by some degree of inter- or intra-population chromosome variation, with diploid numbers ranging from 46 to 50 chromosomes; such is the case of Astyanax fasciatus (Pazza et al, 2006)
The phylogram obtained in the present work using the mitochondrial DNA sequence (ATPase subunit 6) is mostly congruent with that obtained by Mello et al (2015) using the mitochondrial DNA sequence of the cytochrome b gene, as well as that obtained by Rossini et al (2016) using the mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxydase I (COI) sequence
Summary
The role of chromosomal rearrangements in the evolution of organisms has been a matter of debate for many years. Smaller variations in the number of 5S rDNA sites can be observed among these species, they are always located in the proximal or distal region of acrocentric chromosomes, reaching up to 10 markings in A. intermedius and A. giton, which differ by a pericentric inversion (Kavalco et al, 2004).
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