Trends in incidência of Covid-19 and clinical outcomes among patients with chronic kidney disease: insights from a retrospective study in Brazil

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is closely associated with non-communicable chronic diseases, including Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH). The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a high incidence of renal injuries, particularly in patients with pre-existing comorbidities. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of COVID-19 and its clinical outcomes among patients with CKD. A retrospective descriptive documental study with a quantitative approach was conducted at the Hospital Regional do Baixo Amazonas Dr. Waldemar Penna (HRBA) in Santarém, Brazil. Patient selection was done through a non-probabilistic convenience and random method. Data were collected from medical records over period from July to December 2020. The most common comorbidities associated with CKD were Systemic Arterial Hypertension (74.10%) and Diabetes Mellitus (33.33%). The study findings indicate a high incidence of COVID-19 among CKD patients, particularly in older age groups. The presence of comorbidities, such as Systemic Arterial Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus, further increased the risk of COVID-19 complications in this population. The findings underscore the importance of early detection, proper management, and preventive measures to minimize the impact of COVID-19 in this vulnerable population.