Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate trends in the incidence of oesophageal and gastric cancer by anatomical location and histology using nationally representative Swiss data. We included all oesophageal and gastric cancers recorded in 10 Swiss population-based cancer registries 1982-2011. We calculated age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) per 100 000 person-years (PY) (European standard) for both cancer sites stratified by sex, language region (German, French-Italian), morphology and anatomical location. To assess time trends, we estimated annual percentage changes (APCs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). ASIR of oesophageal adenocarcinoma increased in both sexes and language regions (p <0.001). The steepest increase occurred in males of the German-speaking region (APC 6.8%, 95% CI 5.8-7.8) with ASIRs of 0.8 per 100,000 PY in 1982-1987 and 3.9 per 100.000 PY in 2007-2011. Incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma decreased significantly in males of both language regions by around -1.5% per year. In contrast, a slight but significant increase (APC 1.4%, 95% CI 0.3-2.4]) of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma was observed in females of the German-speaking region. We observed stable rates for cancer of the gastric cardia. The incidence of noncardia gastric cancer decreased substantially in both sexes and language regions (p <0.001). In Switzerland, the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma has risen whereas incidence of noncardia gastric cancer has decreased substantially as observed in other developed countries.
Highlights
In Switzerland, each year approximately 500 new cases of oesophageal carcinoma are diagnosed and over 800 cases of gastric carcinoma
The steepest increase occurred in males of the German-speaking region (APC 6.8%, 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) 5.8–7.8) with age-standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) of 0.8 per 100,000 PY in 1982–1987 and 3.9 per 100.000 PY in 2007–2011
A slight but significant increase (APC 1.4%, 95% CI 0.3–2.4]) of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma was observed in females of the German-speaking region
Summary
In Switzerland, each year approximately 500 new cases of oesophageal carcinoma are diagnosed and over 800 cases of gastric carcinoma. An international study reported an increase in the incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in women but no significant trends for oesophageal adenocarcinoma or cancer of the gastric cardia for Basel and Geneva (1973–1995) [4]. No increase was found for the combined incidence rates of oesophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma in Basel (1981–1992) [12] or for oesophageal adenocarcinoma in Eastern Switzerland (1989–1999) [17]. This study aimed to evaluate trends in the incidence of oesophageal cancer (by both major histological subtypes and anatomical location) and gastric cancer (by anatomical location) using nationally representative data over a 30-year period
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