Trends in Family Size Preferences and Practice of Family Planning: Taiwan, 1965-1970

Abstract

3 island-wide surveys of all married women of childbearing years (22-39 years) were conducted in 1965 1967 and 1970 by the Taiwan Provencial Committee on Family Planning. The third survey involved reinterview of 50% of those interviewed in 1967 and an additional sample representing those married 1967-1970. Each survey attempted to provide data to analyze trends in family size and family planning from information obtained on fertility history desired number of children attitudes toward and knowledge and use of family planning socioeconomic status family values living arrangements and modernity. There was a small but consistent downward shift (.2) in average number of desired children on all levels; the average at 3.8 the result of a greater choice of 3 rather than 4 children. Recent trends (1971) indicate a rapid decline in desired number of children among the under 30 group. Change in the ideal lags behind change in fertility behavior. Modernity measures indicate a preference for fewer children in this group with education showing the greatest differential. Mainland couples averaged a lower desired number of children as opposed to the 2 major island groups and the highest use of contraception throughout the study. There is a persistent desire for 2 sons and number of living sons affects other attitudes and behavior towards family planning. Traditional extended family relationships account for this behavior. There was a very rapid rise in family planning especially in women over 30 (38% in 1965; 72% in 1970) and in the less modern population strata. Family planning practices rose from 30% in 1965 to 57% in 1970 in all segments with a rise from 75% to 95% in 1970 for stated approval. Changes in reproductive patterns were seen in a lengthening of the open birth interval among older women. Decreases in cumulative fertility are not yet realized.