Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Rates and Excess Deaths, 2010–2022

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality increased during the initial years of the COVID-19 pandemic, but whether these trends endured in 2022 is unknown. This analysis describes temporal trends in CVD death rates from 2010 to 2022 and estimates excess CVD deaths from 2020 to 2022. Using national mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System, deaths among adults aged ≥35 years were classified by underlying cause of death International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes for CVD (I00-I99), heart disease (I00-I09, I11, I13, I20-I51), and stroke (I60-I69). Analyses in Joinpoint software identified trends in CVD age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 and estimated the number of excess CVD deaths from 2020 to 2022. During 2010-2022, 10,951,403 CVD deaths occurred (75.6% heart disease, 16.9% stroke). The national CVD AAMR declined by 8.9% from 2010 to 2019 (456.6-416.0 per 100,000) and then increased by 9.3% from 2019 to 2022 to 454.5 per 100,000, which approximated the 2010 rate (456.7 per 100,000). From 2020 to 2022, 228,524 excess CVD deaths occurred, which was 9% more CVD deaths than expected based on trends from 2010 to 2019. Results varied by CVD subtype and population subgroup. Despite stabilization of the public health emergency, declines in CVD mortality rates reversed in 2020 and remained high in 2022, representing almost a decade of lost progress and over 228,000 excess CVD deaths. Findings underscore the importance of prioritizing prevention and management of CVD to improve outcomes.