Trends and risk factors in musculoskeletal disorders among stomatologists

Abstract

Introduction: Stomatologists face musculoskeletal disorders due to inadequate postures and unfavorable ergonomic conditions at work, with an increase in risk with work experience, underscoring the importance of prevention. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on musculoskeletal disorders in stomatologists in Guanabacoa, Havana, with 48 participants. Data were collected by means of surveys and postural observations, respecting ethical principles and obtaining informed consent. Results and discussion: This study shows that stomatologists between 35 and 44 years old are the most affected by musculoskeletal disorders, with the majority having between 11 and 20 years of work experience. Women present more disorders than men, although there is no statistical association between gender and disorders. It is highlighted that inadequate postures during work, especially in the cervical area and shoulders, may contribute to these problems. In addition, technical problems in dental units may also play a role. It is essential to consider working postures and ergonomic conditions to prevent these disorders. Conclusion: A high frequency of risk factors was observed, being for the female sex and the EGI specialty the most common. A preference was found for seated work and the use of inadequate postures, which resulted in a greater number of affections in the cervical region and shoulders. In addition, a close relationship was established between inadequate postures and non-ergonomic dental units with the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders.