Abstract
The basic kinds of “classic” chemical fibres used in production of fibre materials for domestic, industrial, medical, and hygienic applications and the basic trends in the evolution of their production are examined. Methods of physical, compositional, and chemical modification of the properties of chemical fibres are considered. Data are reported on the new kinds of chemical fibres manufactured by nontraditional technologies based on new varieties of sustainable plant stock, including Lyocell hydrated cellulose fibres and polylactide fibres. Ways of developing new technologies based on the use of biotechnologies and biomimetic principles are examined.
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